Maitiro Ekunyunguduka uye Kupararira kweZvinodzivirira Moto Zvakasimba muPolyurethane AB Adhesive System

Maitiro Ekunyunguduka uye Kupararira kweZvinodzivirira Moto Zvakasimba muPolyurethane AB Adhesive System

Pakunyungudika/kupararira kwezvinhu zvinodzivisa moto zvakaita sealuminium hypophosphite (AHP), aluminium hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate, uye melamine cyanurate (MCA) mu polyurethane AB adhesive system, matanho makuru anosanganisira kurapwa kwekutanga, kupararira kwematanho, uye kudzora hunyoro zvakanyanya. Pazasi pane maitiro akadzama (ekugadzira zvinhu zvinodzivisa moto zvakanyanya; mamwe maitiro anogona kugadziriswa zvinoenderana).

I. Nheyo Dzepfungwa

1. "Kunyunguduka" zvinoreva kupararira: Zvinhu zvinodzivisa moto zvakasimba zvinofanira kupararira zvakaenzana mu polyol (A-component) kuti zvigadzire suspension yakasimba.
2. Kurapa zvinhu zvinodzivisa moto usati watanga: Kugadzirisa matambudziko ekunyudzwa kwehunyoro, kuungana, uye kuita zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwemvura ne isocyanates.
3. Kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma: Wedzera zvinhu zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvinhu uye saizi yezvikamu kuti usanyanya kuwanda munzvimbo yacho.
4. Kudzora hunyoro zvakasimba: Mvura inodya isocyanate (-NCO) iri muchikamu cheB, zvichiita kuti isanyatsosimba.

II. Maitiro Akadzama Ekushanda (Zvichibva pazvikamu zana zve polyol muA-component)

Danho 1: Kurapa Kunodzivirira Moto (Maawa makumi maviri nemana pachine nguva)

• Aluminium Hypophosphite (AHP, zvikamu gumi):
  • Kuputira pamusoro pechinhu chine silane coupling agent (KH-550) kana titanate coupling agent (NDZ-201):
    • Sanganisa zvikamu 0.5 zve coupling agent + zvikamu zviviri zve anhydrous ethanol, kurunga kwemaminitsi gumi kuti iite hydrolysis.
    • Wedzera upfu hweAHP wobva wakurunga nekukurumidza (1000 rpm) kwemaminitsi makumi maviri.
    • Omesa muovheni pa80°C kwemaawa maviri, wozochengeta wakavharwa.
• Aluminium Hydroxide (ATH, zvikamu makumi maviri neshanu):
  • Shandisa ATH ine saizi ye submicron, silane-modified (semuenzaniso, Wandu WD-WF-20). Kana isina kugadziriswa, rapa zvakafanana neAHP.
• MCA (zvikamu zvitanhatu) & Zinc Borate (zvikamu zvina):
  • Omesa pa60°C kwemaawa mana kuti ubvise hunyoro, wozosefa nepakati pechidzitiro che300-mesh.

Danho rechipiri: Maitiro ekupararira kweA-Component (Polyol Side)

1. Kusanganisa Kwehwaro:
   • Wedzera zvikamu zana zvepolyol (semuenzaniso, polyether polyol PPG) mumudziyo wakaoma.
   • Wedzera zvikamu 0.3 zve polyether-modified polysiloxane leveling agent (semuenzaniso, BYK-333).
2. Kupararira Kusati Kwanyanya Kumhanya:
   • Wedzera zvinodzivisa moto zvakarongwa: ATH (zvikamu makumi maviri neshanu) → AHP (zvikamu gumi) → zinc borate (zvikamu zvina) → MCA (zvikamu zvitanhatu).
   • Sanganisa pa300-500 rpm kwemaminitsi gumi kusvika pasara hupfu hwakaoma.
3. Kupararira Kwakakura:
   • Chinja uchishandisa muchina wekuparadzanisa unomhanya zvakanyanya (≥1500 rpm) kwemaminitsi makumi matatu.
   • Tembiricha yekudzora ≤50°C (kudzivirira oxidation yepolyol).
4. Kukuya & Kugadzirisa (Zvakakosha!):
   • Pindai nemuchina wekugadzira matombo matatu kana bhasiketi jecha ka2-3 kusvika wanyatsonaka ≤30μm (yakaedzwa kuburikidza neHegman gauge).
5. Kugadziriswa kweViscosity & Defoaming:
   • Wedzera zvikamu 0.5 zve hydrophobic fumed silica (Aerosil R202) kudzivirira kugadzika kwemvura.
   • Wedzera zvikamu 0.2 zve silicone defoamer (semuenzaniso, Tego Airex 900).
   • Kurunga pa200 rpm kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu kuti ubvise gasi.

Danho rechitatu: Kurapa kweB-Component (Isocyanate Side)

• Wedzera zvikamu 4-6 zve molecular sefa (semuenzaniso, Zeochem 3A) kune B-component (semuenzaniso, MDI prepolymer) kuti inwe hunyoro.
• Kana uchishandisa zvinoderedza moto zvine phosphorus (sarudzo ine viscosity shoma), sanganisa zvakananga muB-component wokurunga kwemaminitsi gumi.

Danho rechina: Kusanganisa & Kugadzirisa Zvikamu zveAB

• Chiyero chekusanganisa: Tevedzera dhizaini yekutanga yeAB namatidza (semuenzaniso, A:B = 100:50).
• Maitiro ekusanganisa:
  • Shandisa muchina wekusanganisa mapuraneti une zvikamu zviviri kana chubhu yekusanganisa isingachinji.
  • Sanganisa kwemaminitsi 2-3 kusvika zvafanana (pasina kusungirirwa).
• Mamiriro ekurapa:
  • Kupisa tembiricha yemukamuri: maawa makumi maviri nemana (yakawedzerwa ne30% nekuda kwekunyorova kwekupisa kunodzora moto).
  • Kukurumidza kupora: 60°C/2 maawa (simbisa kuti hapana maburi).

III. Pfungwa Dzakakosha Dzekudzora Maitiro

IV. Nzira Dzekuparadzira Dzimwe (Pasina Midziyo Yekukuya)

1. Kugadzirira bhora pakugadzira:
   • Sanganisa zvinodzivisa moto nepolyol pachiyero che1:1, chigayo chemabhora kwemaawa mana (mabhora ezirconia, saizi ye2mm).
2. Nzira yeMasterbatch:
   • Gadzirira 50% flame retardant masterbatch (polyol se carrier), wobva waisanganisa usati washandisa.
3. Kupararira kweUltrasonic:
   • Isa ultrasonication (20kHz, 500W, 10 min) pa slurry yakasanganiswa kare (yakakodzera zvidimbu zvidiki).

V. Mazano Ekushandisa

1. Kuedza kudiki kutanga: Edza ne100g yeA-component, uchitarisa pakugadzikana kwe viscosity (24h change <10%) uye kumhanya kwekupora.
2. Mutemo wekuwedzera kutevedzana kwemurazvo unodzora moto:
   • "Kutanga kwakareruka, kwakareruka gare gare; kutanga kwakareruka, kwakareruka gare gare" → ATH (yakareruka) → AHP (yakareruka) → zinc borate (yepakati) → MCA (yakareruka/yakakora).
3. Kugadzirisa matambudziko epanguva yekukurumidza:
   • Kuwedzera kamwe kamwe kwe viscosity: Wedzera 0.5% propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) kuti uderedze.
   • Kusashanda zvakanaka: Wedzera 5% MDI yakagadziriswa (semuenzaniso, Wanhua PM-200) kuB-component.